Bitesize no. 22 Ramadan 1441 A.H.
Tafseer
《Had We sent down this Qur’aan on a mountain>>
Translated
By
Abbas Abu Yahya
English Audio:
PDF Download:
HERE
لَوْ أَنزَلْنَا هَذَا الْقُرْآنَ عَلَى جَبَلٍ لَّرَأَيْتَهُ خَاشِعًا مُّتَصَدِّعًا مِّنْ خَشْيَةِ اللَّهِ وَتِلْكَ الْأَمْثَالُ نَضْرِبُهَا لِلنَّاسِ لَعَلَّهُمْ يَتَفَكَّرُونَ
الحشر:21
Allaah Subhanahu wa Ta’ala said
《Had We sent down this Qur’aan on a mountain, you would surely have seen it humbling itself and rending asunder by the fear of Allaah. Such are the parables which We put forward to mankind that they may reflect.》
[al-Hashr: 21]
Al-Hafidh Ibn Katheer -Rahimahullaah- said:
‘Allaah Ta’ala mentions in regards to holding the Qur’aan in the highest level, explaining its lofty status, in that it is necessary for the hearts that they should humble for the Qur’aan, and tear apart when they hear it, due to what it contains of the definite promise and the threat:
{لَوْ أَنزلْنَا هَذَا الْقُرْآنَ عَلَى جَبَلٍ لَرَأَيْتَهُ خَاشِعًا مُتَصَدِّعًا مِنْ خَشْيَةِ اللَّهِ}
<< Had We sent down this Qur’aan on a mountain, you would surely have seen it humbling itself and rending asunder by the fear of Allaah>> Meaning: even though the mountain with its ruggedness and its hardness, if it understood the Qur’aan and reflected about it, it would have humbled itself and split asunder from fear of Allaah -Azza wa Jal. How is it proper for you O human that your hearts do not soften nor do they have reverence and humility, and do not rent asunder from awe and fear of Allaah, and you have come to understand from Allaah, His command and reflected upon His Book? So, this is why Allaah Ta’ala said:
{وَتِلْكَ الأمْثَالُ نَضْرِبُهَا لِلنَّاسِ لَعَلَّهُمْ يَتَفَكَّرُونَ}
<< Such are the parables which We put forward to mankind that they may reflect >>
Al-Awfi said, from Ibn Abbas regarding the saying of Allaah:
{لَوْ أَنزلْنَا هَذَا الْقُرْآنَ عَلَى جَبَلٍ [لَرَأَيْتَهُ خَاشِعًا] }
<< Had We sent down this Qur’aan on a mountain, you would surely have seen it humbling itself……… >> to the end of the Ayaah.
Ibn Abbas said:
‘If Allaah had sent down the Qur’aan to a mountain it would have been tasked with it, and it would have rent asunder and had humbled itself due to the weightiness of the Qur’aan and from the awe of Allaah. Therefore, Allaah ordered the people that when the Qur’aan reaches them that they take it with immense awe, reverence and humility.’
It is affirmed in the Hadeeth which is Mutawatir: that when a Mimber was built for the Messenger of Allaah sallAllaahu alayhi wa sallam and on the day he would give a Khutbah, he would stand next to a tree trunk, from the trees which were in the Masjid.
When the Mimber was first placed in the Masjid, the Prophet sallAllaahu alayhi wa sallam came to give a Khutbah he passed by the tree trunk towards the Mimber, and when he did that the tree felt sad and began to cry just like when a small child cries who wants comforting due to what it used to hear of the remembrance of Allaah and the revelation from the Prophet.
In some of the narrations of this hadeeth, al-Hasan al-Basri used to say after presenting the hadeeth:
‘So you have more of a right to feel a longing for the Messenger of Allaah sallAllaahu alayhi wa sallam than the tree.’
Likewise, is this noble Ayaah, that if the hard and solid mountains, heard the Speech of Allaah and understood it then they would have reverence, humility and rent asunder from awe and fear of the speech of Allaah, so how is your situation in that you have heard it and understood it?
Allaah had said:
{وَلَوْ أَنَّ قُرْآنًا سُيِّرَتْ بِهِ الْجِبَالُ أَوْ قُطِّعَتْ بِهِ الأرْضُ أَوْ كُلِّمَ بِهِ الْمَوْتَى}
<< And if there had been a Qur’aan with which mountains could be moved (from their places), or the earth could be cloven asunder, or the dead could be made to speak (it would not have been other than this Qur’aan). >> [Raad: 31] meaning that it would have been this Qur’aan.
Allaah said:
{وَإِنَّ مِنَ الْحِجَارَةِ لَمَا يَتَفَجَّرُ مِنْهُ الأنْهَارُ وَإِنَّ مِنْهَا لَمَا يَشَّقَّقُ فَيَخْرُجُ مِنْهُ الْمَاءُ وَإِنَّ مِنْهَا لَمَا يَهْبِطُ مِنْ خَشْيَةِ اللَّهِ}
<< Then, after that, your hearts were hardened and became as stones or even worse in hardness. And indeed, there are stones out of which rivers gush forth, and indeed, there are of them (stones) which split asunder so that water flows from them, and indeed, there are of them (stones) which fall down for fear of Allaah. >> [Baqarah: 74]
[Tafseer al-Qur’aan al-Atheem by Ibn Katheer 8/78]
Shaykh Salih al-Fawzan said:
Allaah said:《Had We sent down this Quran on a mountain>> this indicates that the Qur’aan was sent down from Allaah Azza wa Jal and is not created as the Jahmeeyah and Mua’tazilah say it is.
Nor is the Qur’aan from the speech of the Prophet-SallAllaahu alayhi wa Salam as the Mushrikeen say it is, but in fact the Qur’aan is sent down from Allaah.
If Allaah had addressed a hard and solid mountain with the Qur’aan it would melt from the severity of what it contains from the threat and fear. This is because Allaah has made the mountains and rocks such that they can acknowledge and know Allaah -Azza wa Jal- like Allaah Subhanahu wa Ta’ala said:
《Then, after that, your hearts were hardened and became as stones or even worse in hardness. And indeed, there are stones out of which rivers gush forth, and indeed, there are of them (stones) which split asunder so that water flows from them, and indeed, there are of them (stones) which fall down for fear of Allah. And Allah is not unaware of what you do.》
Therefore, inanimate objects have a way which they know their Lord Subhanahu wa Ta’ala by which they fear Him, so if Allaah addressed a mountain with this Qur’aan 《you would surely have seen it humbling itself and rending asunder by the fear of Allaah.》
This shows the greatness of this Qur’aan and indicates that the hearts of the children of Adam are harder than the mountains.
The hearts of the children of Adam are addressed with this Qur’aan, but along with this their hearts do not soften, as for the mountain if it was addressed with the Qur’aan 《you would surely have seen it humbling itself and rending asunder by the fear of Allaah.》
This shows that the heart of a person may become hard and be harder than the mountain and is not affected by the Speech of Allaah Subhanahu wa Ta’ala.
The point here is that the Qur’aan is revealed from Allaah Subhanahu wa Ta’ala 《Had We sent down this Quran on a mountain》 meaning that, had we addressed the mountain with the Qur’aan.’
[From Sharh al-Aqeedah al-Wasitteeyah tape 17]
{لَوْ أَنزلْنَا هَذَا الْقُرْآنَ عَلَى جَبَلٍ}
قَالَ الحافظ إسماعيل بن عمر بن كثير:
يَقُولُ تَعَالَى مُعَظِّمًا لِأَمْرِ الْقُرْآنِ، ومبينا علو قدره، وأنه ينبغي وأن تَخْشَعَ لَهُ الْقُلُوبُ، وَتَتَصَدَّعَ عِنْدَ سَمَاعِهِ لِمَا فِيهِ مِنَ الْوَعْدِ وَالْوَعِيدِ الْأَكِيدِ: {لَوْ أَنزلْنَا هَذَا الْقُرْآنَ عَلَى جَبَلٍ لَرَأَيْتَهُ خَاشِعًا مُتَصَدِّعًا مِنْ خَشْيَةِ اللَّهِ} أَيْ: فَإِنْ كَانَ الْجَبَلُ فِي غِلْظَتِهِ وَقَسَاوَتِهِ، لَوْ فَهِمَ هَذَا الْقُرْآنَ فَتَدَبَّرَ مَا فِيهِ، لَخَشَعَ وَتَصَدَّعَ مِنْ خَوْفِ اللَّهِ، عَزَّ وَجَلَّ، فَكَيْفَ يَلِيقُ بِكُمْ أَيُّهَا الْبَشَرُ أَلَّا تَلِينَ قُلُوبُكُمْ وَتَخْشَعَ، وَتَتَصَدَّعَ مِنْ خَشْيَةِ اللَّهِ، وَقَدْ فَهِمْتُمْ عَنِ اللَّهِ أَمْرَهُ وَتَدَبَّرْتُمْ كِتَابَهُ؟ وَلِهَذَا قَالَ تَعَالَى: {وَتِلْكَ الأمْثَالُ نَضْرِبُهَا لِلنَّاسِ لَعَلَّهُمْ يَتَفَكَّرُونَ} .
قَالَ الْعَوْفِيُّ: عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ فِي قَوْلِهِ: {لَوْ أَنزلْنَا هَذَا الْقُرْآنَ عَلَى جَبَلٍ [لَرَأَيْتَهُ خَاشِعًا] } إِلَى آخِرِهَا، يَقُولُ: لَوْ أَنِّي أَنْزَلْتُ هَذَا الْقُرْآنَ عَلَى جَبَلٍ حَمّلته إِيَّاهُ، لَتَصَدَّعَ وَخَشَعَ مِنْ ثِقَلِهِ، وَمِنْ خَشْيَةِ اللَّهِ. فَأَمَرَ اللَّهُ النَّاسَ إِذَا نَزَّلَ عَلَيْهِمُ القرآنُ أَنْ يَأْخُذُوهُ بِالْخَشْيَةِ الشَّدِيدَةِ والتخشع.
ثم قَالَ: كَذَلِكَ يَضْرِبُ اللَّهُ الْأَمْثَالَ لِلنَّاسِ لَعَلَّهُمْ يَتَفَكَّرُونَ. وَكَذَا قَالَ قَتَادَةُ، وَابْنُ جَرِيرٍ.
وَقَدْ ثَبَتَ فِي الْحَدِيثِ الْمُتَوَاتِرِ: أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ لَمَّا عُمِلَ لَهُ الْمِنْبَرُ، وَقَدْ كَانَ يَوْمَ الْخُطْبَةِ يَقِفُ إِلَى جَانِبِ جِذْعٍ مِنْ جُذُوعِ الْمَسْجِدِ، فَلَمَّا وُضِعَ الْمِنْبَرُ أَوَّلَ مَا وُضِعَ، وَجَاءَ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ لِيَخْطُبَ فَجَاوَزَ الْجِذْعَ إِلَى نَحْوِ الْمِنْبَرِ، فَعِنْدَ ذَلِكَ حَنّ الْجِذْعُ وَجَعَلَ يَئِنُّ كَمَا يَئِنُّ الصَّبِيُّ الَّذِي يُسَكَّن ، لِمَا كَانَ يُسمَع مِنَ الذِّكْرِ وَالْوَحْيِ عِنْدَهُ. فَفِي بَعْضِ رِوَايَاتِ هَذَا الْحَدِيثِ قَالَ الْحَسَنُ الْبَصْرِيُّ بَعْدَ إِيرَادِهِ: “فَأَنْتُمْ أَحَقُّ أَنْ تَشْتَاقُوا إِلَى رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم من الْجِذْعِ” . وَهَكَذَا هَذِهِ الْآيَةُ الْكَرِيمَةُ، إِذَا كَانَتِ الْجِبَالُ الصُّمُّ لَوْ سَمِعَتْ كَلَامَ اللَّهِ وَفَهِمَتْهُ، لَخَشَعَتْ وَتَصَدَّعَتْ مَنْ خَشْيَتِهِ فَكَيْفَ بِكُمْ وَقَدْ سَمِعْتُمْ وَفَهِمْتُمْ؟ وَقَدْ قَالَ تَعَالَى: {وَلَوْ أَنَّ قُرْآنًا سُيِّرَتْ بِهِ الْجِبَالُ أَوْ قُطِّعَتْ بِهِ الأرْضُ أَوْ كُلِّمَ بِهِ الْمَوْتَى} الْآيَةَ [الرَّعْدِ: 31] . وَقَدْ تَقَدَّمَ أَنَّ مَعْنَى ذَلِكَ: أَيْ لَكَانَ هَذَا الْقُرْآنُ. وَقَالَ تَعَالَى: {وَإِنَّ مِنَ الْحِجَارَةِ لَمَا يَتَفَجَّرُ مِنْهُ الأنْهَارُ وَإِنَّ مِنْهَا لَمَا يَشَّقَّقُ فَيَخْرُجُ مِنْهُ الْمَاءُ وَإِنَّ مِنْهَا لَمَا يَهْبِطُ مِنْ خَشْيَةِ اللَّهِ} [الْبَقَرَةِ: 74] .
تفسير القرآن العظيم
أبو الفداء إسماعيل بن عمر بن كثير القرشي الدمشقي (المتوفى: 774هـ) ج8 ص78
بسم الله الرحمن الرحيم
قوله: (( لو أنزلنا هذا القرآن على جبل لرأيته خاشعاً متصدعاً من خشية الله )) [ الحشر: 21 ] .
تفسير للشيخ صالح الفوزان حفظه الله:
{لو أنزلنا هذا القرآن على جبل } دل على أن القرآن منزلٌ من عند الله عز وجل وليس مخلوقا كما يقوله الجهمية والمعتزلة وليس هو من كلام النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم كما يقولوه المشركون وإنما هو منزلٌ من عند الله لو خاطب الله بهذا القرآن جبلا أصم لذاب من شدة ما فيه من الوعيد والتخويف وذلك أن الجبال والصخور جعل الله فيها إدراكاً ومعرفة في الله عز وجل كما قال سبحانه وتعالى {ثُمَّ قَسَتْ قُلُوبُكُمْ مِنْ بَعْدِ ذَلِكَ فَهِيَ كَالْحِجَارَةِ أَوْ أَشَدُّ قَسْوَةً وَإِنَّ مِنَ الْحِجَارَةِ لَمَا يَتَفَجَّرُ مِنْهُ الْأَنْهَارُ وَإِنَّ مِنْهَا لَمَا يَشَّقَّقُ فَيَخْرُجُ مِنْهُ الْمَاءُ وَإِنَّ مِنْهَا لَمَا يَهْبِطُ مِنْ خَشْيَةِ اللَّهِ وَمَا اللَّهُ بِغَافِلٍ عَمَّا تَعْمَلُونَ}
فالجمادات لها إدراك تعرف ربها سبحانه وتعالى تخاف منه فلو أن الله خاطب بهذا القرآن جبلا {لرأيته خاشعاً متصدعاً من خشية الله} دل على عظمة هذا القرآن ودل على أن قلوب بني آدم أقسى من الجبال قلوب بني آدم خوطبت بهذا القرآن ومع هذا لم تلن أما الجبل فإنه لو خوطب به {لرأيته خاشعاً متصدعاً من خشية الله}فدل على أن قلب الإنسان قد يقسوا ويكون أشد من الجبال ولا يتأثر بكلام الله سبحانه وتعالى.
الشاهد من هذا إثبات أن القرآن منزل من الله سبحانه وتعالى { لو أنزلنا هذا القرآن على جبل }يعني لو خاطبنا به جبلاً .
تفسير للشيخ صالح الفوزان حفظه الله “العقيدة الواسطية”شرح العقيدة الواسطية شريط رقم17.