Ayaah no. 5
Obedience to the Prophet as Commanded in the Qur’aan
Part 5 – The Command of Allaah to Him & Obey His Messenger
Translated
by
Abbas Abu Yahya
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Ayaah no. 5
﴿فَلَا وَرَبِّكَ لَا يُؤْمِنُونَ حَتَّى يُحَكِّمُوكَ فِيمَا شَجَرَ بَيْنَهُمْ ثُمَّ لَا يَجِدُوا فِي أَنْفُسِهِمْ حَرَجًا مِمَّا قَضَيْتَ وَيُسَلِّمُوا تَسْلِيمًا (٦٥)﴾
[An-Nisāʼ – 65]
<<But no, by your Lord, they can have no Faith, until they make you (O Muhammad) judge in all disputes between them, and find in themselves no resistance against your decisions, and accept (them) with full submission.>>
The great scholar Muhammad Ali ash-Shawkani (D. 1250 AH) said:
“In this Ayaah there is a severe threat which causes the skin to crawl and the hearts to tremble since indeed Allaah Subhanahu firstly takes an oath by His own self emphasising this oath with a negative phrase that those people do not truly believe.
So Allaah negated them having true Eemaan which is the capital investment that the righteous Worshippers of Allaah have, so they can achieve the aim which is:
‘The judgement of the Messenger of Allaah sallAllaahu alayhi wa sallam’.
After that, Allaah Subhanahu did not just suffice with that but said:
<<and find in themselves no resistance against your decisions>>
Allaah added another matter to that of the judgement of the Messenger which was not having any resistance to the Prophet’s decision. Not to have any resistance in their hearts.
Therefore, it was not sufficient just to refer back to the Prophet’s judgement and compliance to the Prophet, but also to be pleased with that from the depths of the heart, be tranquil with his judgment, the heart to have delight and the soul to like it.
Then Allaah did not suffice with all this but added His saying:
<<and accept (them) >>
Meaning to submit willingly and comply outwardly and inwardly.
Then Allaah did not suffice with that, in fact, added a word to illustrate an emphasis and said:
تَسْلِيماً
<<with full submission.>>
Therefore, the Eemaan of the slave of Allaah cannot be firm until this acceptance of judgment takes place, and finds no resistance in his heart for his judgment and submits to the Ruling of Allaah and His Sharia, with full submission which has no rejection or any doubt of what opposes that judgement.’
[Fath al-Qadeer]
قال الله تبارك و تعالى:
﴿فَلَا وَرَبِّكَ لَا يُؤْمِنُونَ حَتَّى يُحَكِّمُوكَ فِيمَا شَجَرَ بَيْنَهُمْ ثُمَّ لَا يَجِدُوا فِي أَنْفُسِهِمْ حَرَجًا مِمَّا قَضَيْتَ وَيُسَلِّمُوا تَسْلِيمًا (٦٥)﴾
قال الشوكاني
وَفِي هَذَا الْوَعِيدِ الشَّدِيدِ: مَا تَقْشَعِرُّ لَهُ الْجُلُودُ، وَتَرْجُفُ لَهُ الْأَفْئِدَةُ. فَإِنَّهُ أَوَّلًا أَقْسَمَ سُبْحَانَهُ بِنَفْسِهِ، مُؤَكِّدًا لِهَذَا الْقَسَمِ بِحَرْفِ النَّفْيِ بِأَنَّهُمْ لَا يُؤْمِنُونَ، فَنَفَى عَنْهُمُ الْإِيمَانَ الَّذِي هُوَ رَأْسُ مَالِ صَالِحِي عِبَادِ اللَّهِ، حَتَّى تَحْصُلَ لَهُمْ غَايَةٌ، هِيَ:
تَحْكِيمُ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ، ثُمَّ لَمْ يَكْتَفِ سُبْحَانَهُ بِذَلِكَ حَتَّى قَالَ:
ثُمَّ لَا يَجِدُوا فِي أَنْفُسِهِمْ حَرَجاً مِمَّا قَضَيْتَ
فَضَمَّ إِلَى التَّحْكِيمِ أَمْرًا آخَرَ، هُوَ عَدَمُ وُجُودِ حَرَجٍ، أَيْ حَرَجٍ، فِي صُدُورِهِمْ، فَلَا يَكُونُ مُجَرَّدُ التَّحْكِيمِ وَالْإِذْعَانِ كَافِيًا حَتَّى يَكُونَ مِنْ صَمِيمِ الْقَلْبِ عَنْ رِضًا، وَاطْمِئْنَانٍ، وَانْثِلَاجِ قَلْبٍ، وَطِيبِ نَفْسٍ، ثُمَّ لَمْ يَكْتَفِ بِهَذَا كُلِّهِ، بَلْ ضَمَّ إِلَيْهِ قَوْلَهُ: وَيُسَلِّمُوا
أَيْ: يُذْعِنُوا وَيَنْقَادُوا ظَاهِرًا وَبَاطِنًا، ثُمَّ لَمْ يَكْتَفِ بِذَلِكَ، بَلْ ضَمَّ إِلَيْهِ الْمَصْدَرَ الْمُؤَكِّدَ فَقَالَ: تَسْلِيماً
فَلَا يَثْبُتُ الْإِيمَانُ لِعَبْدٍ حَتَّى يَقَعَ مِنْهُ هَذَا التَّحْكِيمُ، وَلَا يَجِدَ الْحَرَجَ فِي صَدْرِهِ بِمَا قُضِيَ عَلَيْهِ، وَيُسَلِّمُ لِحُكْمِ اللَّهِ وَشَرْعِهِ، تَسْلِيمًا لَا يُخَالِطُهُ رَدٌّ وَلَا تَشُوبُهُ مُخَالَفَةٌ.
كتاب فتح القدير للشوكاني
[الشوكاني]