MANHAJ SERIES HADEETH NO. 3
HADEETH OF THE KHULAFA RASHIDEEN
PART ONE
Translated & Compiled
By
Abbas Abu Yahya
Sunnah of the Khulafah Rashideen
From Abu Najeeh Al-Irbadh bin Sareeyah -Radi Allaahu anhu- who said:
قام فينا رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم ذات يوم فوعظنا موعظة بليغة، وجلت منها القلوب، وذرفت منها العيون.
The Messenger of Allaah -sallAllaahu alayhi wa sallam- stood up among us one day and gave us an eloquent sermon by which our hearts trembled and tears came to our eyes. We said:
يا رسول الله وعظتنا موعظة مودِّع، فاعهد إلينا بعهد.
‘O Messenger of Allaah, it is as though this is a farewell sermon, so advise us.’
He said:
أُوصيكُمْ بِتقْوى اللهِ، والسَّمعِ والطاعةِ، وإنْ أُمِّرَ عليكم عبدٌ حبَشِيٌ، فإنَّهُ مَنْ يَعِشْ مِنكمْ بَعدِي فسَيَرى اخْتلافًا كثيرًا، فعليكُمْ بِسُنَّتِي وسنَّةِ الخُلفاءِ المهديِّينَ الرّاشِدينَ، تَمسَّكُوا بِها، وعَضُّوا عليْها بالنَّواجِذِ، وإيّاكُمْ ومُحدثاتِ الأُمورِ؛ فإنَّ كلَّ مُحدَثةٍ بِدعةٌ، وكلَّ بِدعةٍ ضلالَةٌ
‘I advise you to fear Allaah and to hear and obey the ruler, even if an Ethiopian slave becomes your ruler. Verily he among you who lives after me will see many differences, so you must adhere to my Sunnah and to the Sunnah of the rightly-guided Khulafah – cling to them and bite on to it with your molar teeth.
Beware of newly invented matters in worship, for every invented matter is an innovation and every innovation is a going astray.’
[Collected by Abu Dawud and Tirmidhi, who said that it was a Hadeeth which is Hasan Saheeh]
Authenticity
Shaykh Al-Albaani declared the hadeeth to have a Saheeh Isnaad in Silsilah Saheehah No.2735 & he also authenticated it in ‘as-Sunnah’ by Ibn Abi ‘Aasim & Saheeh al-Jamia as-Sagheer no. 2549.
Sunnah of the Khulafah Rashideen
Imam Ahmad bin Hanbal used the point of following the Sunnah of the rightly guided Khulafah as evidence in the debate about the Qur’aan being created:
al-Aajuri -Rahimahullaah- said:
‘It reached me from al-Muhtadee -Rahimahullaah- that he said: ‘No body beat my father – whose name was al-Waathiq – in a debate except a Shaykh who was brought from al-Masseessah. He had spent a long time in prison, then one day my father mentioned him and said:
‘Bring the Shaykh to me.’
So, the Shaykh was brought in chains, and when the Shaykh stood in front of the Ameer (al-Waathiq) he gave Sallam, but the Ameer did not reply the Sallam.
The Shaykh said to him: ‘O Ameer al-Mumineen! You did not use the mannerisms of Allaah with me, nor the mannerisms of His Messenger -sallAllaahu alayhi wa sallam-,
Allaah Ta’ala said:
<< وَإِذَا حُيِّيتُمْ بِتَحِيَّةٍ فَحَيُّوا بِأَحْسَنَ مِنْهَا أَوْ رُدُّوهَا >>
<<When you are greeted with a greeting, greet in return with what is better than it, or (at least) return it equally.>> [Nisa’: 86]
and the Prophet -sallAllaahu alayhi wa sallam- ordered to return the Sallam.’
So, the Ameer returned the Sallam, then the Ameer turned to Ibn Abee Daawood [his consultant] and said: ‘Ask the Shaykh a question.’
The Shaykh said: ‘O Ameer al-Mumineen, I am imprisoned and chained, I pray in prison by making Tayammum, I was prevented from using water, so order for my chains to be released and for water to be brought for me so that I can pray then ask me questions.’
The Ameer ordered for his chains to be removed and water to be brought for him and he performed Wudu and prayed. Then the Ameer said to Ibn Abi Du’ad: ‘Ask him.’
The Shaykh said: ‘It is for me to ask the questions, but order him to answer me.’
The Ameer replied: ‘Okay go ahead ask him.’
The Shaykh turned to Ibn Abi Du’ad to question him, and said: ‘Tell me about this matter which you call the people to, is it something which the Messenger of Allaah -sallAllaahu alayhi wa sallam- called to?’
He answered: ‘No.’
The Shaykh said: ‘Is it something that Abu Bakr Siddeeq -Radi Allaahu anhu- called to after the Messenger -sallAllaahu alayhi wa sallam?’
Ibn Abi Du’ad answered: ‘No.’
The Shaykh asked: ‘Something that Umar bin al-Khattab called to after them?’
He said: ‘No.’
The Shaykh asked: ‘Something that Uthmaan bin Affan -Radi Allaahu anhu- called to after them?’
He said: ‘No.’
The Shaykh asked: ‘Something that Ali bin Abi Taalib -Radi Allaahu anhu- called to after them?’
He said: ‘No.’
Then the Shaykh said: ‘So, something that the Messenger of Allaah -sallAllaahu alayhi wa sallam- did not call to, nor did Abu Bakr, nor Umar, nor Uthmaan nor Ali -Radi Allaahu anhum- and you call the people to it?!
So, you cannot say either of two things: either that they knew this issue or that they were ignorant of it, if you say they knew it but remained silent about it, then that is sufficient for us and for you to remain silent, just as it was sufficient for the Companions.
And if you say that they were ignorant of this and you knew it, then you are a despised fool!
Something the Prophet -sallAllaahu alayhi wa sallam- did not know nor did the righteous Khulafah know, but you and your companions know it?!’
Al-Muhtadi said: ‘I saw my father jump up and enter a small garden, and he began placing a garment in his mouth trying to stop himself from laughing too much, then he said: ‘You have spoken the truth, we cannot say either of two things: either that they were ignorant of it, or they knew it, if we said they knew it but remained silent about it, then it is sufficient for us to remain silent just as it was sufficient for those people. And if we said that they were ignorant of this and you knew it, then you are a despised fool! Something the Prophet-sallAllaahu alayhi wa sallam- and his Companions were ignorant of, but you and your companions know it?!’
Then the Ameer said: ‘O Ahmad.’
The Shaykh answered: ‘Here I am.’
The Ameer said: ‘I do not mean you; I mean Ibn Abi Du’ad.’
So, he jumped up to the Ameer, the Ameer continued: ‘Give this Shaykh spending money and send him away from this land.’
In another narration which Imam Dhahabi mentions in ‘Seerah ‘Alaam’: ‘Ibn Abi Du’ad fell from his status in the eyes of al-Waathiq, and he did not trial anyone after that.’
In another narration: ‘al-Muhtadi said: I have gone back on that issue, and I think that my father also came back off that issue since that time.’
[Collected by Dhahabi in ‘Seerah’ (11/313), al-Aajurree in ‘Ash-Shareea’ (1/453), Ibn Batta’ and al-Khateeb al-Bagdaadi]
وَبَلَغَنِي عَنِ الْمَهْتَدِي رَحِمَهُ اللَّهُ أَنَّهُ قَالَ: مَا فَظَّعَ أَبِي يَعْنِي الْوَاثِقَ إِلَّا شَيْخٌ جِيءَ بِهِ مِنَ الْمَصِيصَةِ، فَمَكَثَ فِي السِّجْنِ مُدَّةً، ثُمَّ إِنَّ أَبِي ذَكَرَهُ يَوْمًا، فَقَالَ: عَلَيَّ بِالشَّيْخِ، فَأُتِيَ بِهِ مُقَيَّدًا، فَلَمَّا أُوقِفَ بَيْنَ يَدَيْهِ سَلَّمَ فَلَمْ يَرُدَّ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامَ، فَقَالَ لَهُ الشَّيْخُ: يَا أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ، مَا اسْتَعْمَلْتَ مَعِي أَدَبَ اللَّهِ تَعَالَى، وَلَا أَدَبَ رَسُولِهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى: {وَإِذَا ⦗٤٥٦⦘ حُيِّيتُمْ بِتَحِيَّةٍ فَحَيُّوا بِأَحْسَنَ مِنْهَا أَوْ رُدُّوهَا} [النساء: ٨٦] وَأَمَرَ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ بِرَدِّ السَّلَامِ، فَقَالَ لَهُ: وَعَلَيْكَ السَّلَامُ، ثُمَّ قَالَ لِابْنِ أَبِي دُؤَادٍ: سَلْهُ، فَقَالَ يَا أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ: أَنَا مَحْبُوسٌ مُقَيَّدٌ، أُصَلِّي فِي الْحَبْسِ بِتَيَمُّمٍ، مُنِعْتُ الْمَاءَ فَمُرْ بِقُيُودِي تُحَلُّ، وَمُرْ لِي بِمَاءٍ أَتَطَهَّرُ وَأُصَلِّي، ثُمَّ سَلْنِي قَالَ: فَأَمَرَ، فَحَلَّ قَيْدَهُ وَأَمَرَ لَهُ بِمَاءٍ، فَتَوَضَّأَ وَصَلَّى ثُمَّ قَالَ: لِابْنِ أَبِي دُؤَادٍ: سَلْهُ، فَقَالَ الشَّيْخُ: الْمَسْأَلَةُ لِي، تَأْمُرُهُ أَنْ يُجِيبَنِي فَقَالَ: سَلْ، فَأَقْبَلَ الشَّيْخُ عَلَى ابْنِ أَبِي دُؤَادٍ فَقَالَ: أَخْبِرْنِي عَنْ هَذَا الَّذِي تَدْعُو النَّاسَ إِلَيْهِ، أَشَيْءٌ دَعَا إِلَيْهِ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ؟ قَالَ: لَا، قَالَ: فَشَيْءٌ دَعَا إِلَيْهِ أَبُو بَكْرٍ الصِّدِّيقُ بَعْدَهُ؟ قَالَ: لَا، قَالَ: فَشَيْءٌ دَعَا إِلَيْهِ عُمَرُ بْنُ الْخَطَّابِ بَعْدَهُمَا؟ قَالَ: لَا، قَالَ: فَشَيْءٌ دَعَا إِلَيْهِ عُثْمَانُ بْنُ عَفَّانَ بَعْدَهُمْ؟ قَالَ: لَا، قَالَ: فَشَيْءٌ دَعَا إِلَيْهِ عَلِيُّ بْنُ أَبِي طَالِبٍ بَعْدَهُمْ؟ قَالَ: لَا، قَالَ: فَشَيْءٌ لَمْ يَدْعُ إِلَيْهِ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ وَلَا أَبُو بَكْرٍ، وَلَا عُمَرُ وَلَا عُثْمَانُ، وَلَا عَلِيٌّ رَضِيَ اللَّهُمَّ عَنْهُمْ ⦗٤٥٧⦘، تَدْعُو أَنْتَ النَّاسَ إِلَيْهِ؟ لَيْسَ يَخْلُو أَنْ تَقُولَ: عَلِمُوهُ أَوْ جَهِلُوهُ، فَإِنْ قُلْتَ: عَلِمُوهُ، وَسَكَتُوا عَنْهُ، وَسِعَنَا وَإِيَّاكَ مَا وَسِعَ الْقَوْمَ مِنَ السُّكُوتِ، وَإِنْ قُلْتَ: جَهِلُوهُ وَعَلِمْتُهُ أَنَا، فَيَا لُكَعُ بْنَ لُكَعٍ، يَجْهَلُ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ وَالْخُلَفَاءُ الرَّاشِدُونَ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُمْ شَيْئًا تَعْلَمُهُ أَنْتَ وَأَصْحَابُكَ؟ قَالَ الْمُهْتَدِي: فَرَأَيْتُ أَبِي وَثَبَ قَائِمًا وَدَخَلَ الْحَبْزِي، وَجَعَلَ ثَوْبَهُ فِي فِيهِ، يَضْحَكُ؟ ثُمَّ جَعَلَ يَقُولُ: صَدَقَ، لَيْسَ يَخْلُو مِنْ أَنْ يَقُولَ: جَهِلُوهُ أَوْ عَلِمُوهُ، فَإِنْ قُلْنَا: عَلِمُوهُ وَسَكَتُوا عَنْهُ وَسِعَنَا مِنَ السُّكُوتِ مَا وَسِعَ الْقَوْمَ، وَإِنْ قُلْنَا: جَهِلُوهُ وَعَلِمْتَهُ أَنْتَ، فَيَا لُكَعُ بْنَ لُكَعٍ يَجْهَلُ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ وَأَصْحَابُهُ شَيْئًا تَعْلَمُهُ أَنْتَ وَأَصْحَابُكَ؟ ثُمَّ قَالَ: يَا أَحْمَدُ، قُلْتُ: لَبَّيْكَ، قَالَ: لَسْتَ أَعْنِيكَ، إِنَّمَا أَعْنِي ابْنَ أَبِي دُؤَادٍ، فَوَثَبَ إِلَيْهِ فَقَالَ: أَعْطِ هَذَا الشَّيْخَ نَفَقَتَهُ وَأَخْرِجْهُ عَنْ بَلَدِنَا
كتاب الشريعة للآجري
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